Automatic Activating System for Thermometer

ABSTRACT

An electronic thermometer includes an automatic activating system for automatically configuring the thermometer between an active state (broadly, the thermometer is turned on) and a non-active state (broadly, the thermometer is turned off). In general the activating system includes a solid-state activating sensor, such as a Hall-effect sensor, in a housing of the thermometer and a magnet in a probe of the thermometer for activating the sensor when the probe is received in a probe well.

FIELD OF THE INVENTION

The present invention generally relates to electronic thermometers and more particularly to an automatic activating system for an electronic thermometer.

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION

Electronic thermometers are widely used in the healthcare field for measuring a patient's body temperature. Typical electronic thermometers have a base unit that is held in the palm of a hand and a probe with an elongated shaft connected to the base. The base unit includes a probe well for holding the probe when the thermometer is not in use. Electronic temperature sensors such as thermistors or other temperature sensitive elements are contained within a tip of the probe. When the tip is placed, for example, in a patient's mouth, the tip is heated up by the patient's body and the thermistor measures the temperature of the tip. Electronic components in the base unit receive input from the sensor components to compute the patient's temperature. The temperature is then typically displayed on a visual output device such as a seven segment numerical display device. Typically, electronic thermometers are powered by batteries to make the thermometers portable. Since the thermometers are portable, wall mounts or other holders may be included with the thermometers to provide places to securely store the thermometers.

Electronic thermometers also typically include an automatic on/off mechanism to conserve power consumption of the batteries. One type of on/off mechanism employs an on/off switch configured so that when the probe is placed in the probe well of the base unit, the thermometer automatically powers off, and when the probe is removed from the base unit, the thermometer automatically powers on. A conventional on/off switch may include a true mechanical switch. The mechanical switch is part of a power circuit, whereby when the switch is open, the thermometer is off, and when the switch is closed, the thermometer is on. The switch is located within the base unit of the thermometer and comprises a lever arm that is biased in a first position, whereby the switch is closed. When the probe is inserted into the base unit, the probe contacts the lever arm and pivots the arm to a second position in which the switch opens and power is shut off from the thermometer. Because the true mechanical switch involves several moving, mechanical parts, the switch is prone to wear and failure.

Yet another type of on/off switch includes an optical switch. The thermometer includes a light emitter, such as an LED, that emits an infrared light beam that passes across a probe well. When the probe is inserted into the probe well, the light beam is blocked and the light detector cannot sense the light. This causes a signal to be sent to a microcontroller to turn the thermometer off. When the probe is removed, the light beam passes across the probe well and is detected by the light detector, which creates a signal to the microcontroller to turn the thermometer on. A disadvantage with the optical switch is debris in the probe well blocking the light emitter or the light detector and interfering with the ability of the detector to sense the light from the light emitter when the probe is removed from the probe well. Moreover, humidity may negatively affect the ability of the light detector to sense the light from the light emitter. The optical switch is also complex and costly to assembly, in part because the light emitter and the light detector must be properly aligned in the thermometer. Further still, the optical switch consumes substantial battery power.

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION

In one embodiment of the present invention, a hand-held thermometer generally comprises a probe having at least one temperature-sensing component, and a housing having a probe well for removably receiving the probe. A solid-state sensor associated with the housing has no moving parts. The solid-state sensor and the probe are adapted and configured so that the solid-state sensor detects a first magnetic flux density indicative of the probe being seated in the probe well. The thermometer is configured to be in a non-active state when the sensor detects the first magnetic flux density and is configured to be in an active state when the sensor detects a second magnetic flux density different from the first magnetic flux density and indicative of the probe being removed from the well.

In another aspect of the present invention, a method of making an electronic thermometer generally comprises assembling a temperature sensing component into a probe. A circuit board mounted a microcontroller configured can place the thermometer in an active state to acquire temperature information from the temperature sensing component and place the thermometer in an inactive state. A solid-state sensor having no moving parts is mounted on the circuit board so that the solid-state sensor and the microcontroller are in electrical communication with each other. The solid-state sensor is capable of detecting a first magnetic flux density indicative of the probe being seated in a probe well and is capable of detecting a second magnetic flux density different from the first magnetic flux density and indicative of the probe being removed from the well. The circuit board is assembled with the microcontroller and solid-state sensor thereon into a housing of the thermometer. The microcontroller and the temperature sensing component are operatively interconnected for communication of temperature information from the temperature sensing component to the microcontroller.

Other features will be in part apparent and in part pointed out hereinafter.

BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

FIG. 1 is a perspective of one embodiment of a thermometry assembly including a thermometer received in a mount;

FIG. 2 is the thermometry assembly of FIG. 1 with the thermometer exploded from the mount;

FIG. 3 is a front elevation of the thermometer;

FIG. 4 is a section of the thermometer taken along its height;

FIG. 5 is a rear perspective of the thermometer with a probe exploded from a probe well;

FIG. 6 is a front perspective of the thermometer with a carton of probe covers exploded from the thermometer;

FIG. 7 is a perspective of the probe of the thermometer;

FIG. 8 3 is a fragmentary perspective of the probe with parts broken away to show internal construction;

FIG. 9 is an enlarged, fragmentary section of the probe;

FIG. 10 is an enlarged, fragmentary side elevation of the thermometer received in the mount with the mount in section and parts broken away from the thermometer to show internal construction;

FIG. 11 is a schematic including circuitry of an activating system and an anti-theft system of the thermometer;

FIG. 11A is an enlarged, fragmentary side elevation of another embodiment of a thermometer with parts broken away to show internal construction;

FIG. 11B is an enlarged fragmentary view of the internal construction of a probe as defined by FIG. 11A;

FIG. 12 is a perspective of the mount;

FIG. 13 is a front elevation of the mount;

FIG. 14 is a vertical section of the mount; and

FIG. 15 is a section of the wall mount taken in a plane containing the line 15-15 of FIG. 13, with a thermometer received in the mount and not sectioned.

Corresponding reference characters indicate corresponding parts throughout the drawings.

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

Referring now to the drawings and in particular to FIGS. 1 and 2, a thermometry assembly constructed according to the principles of the present invention is generally indicated at 10. In general, the thermometry apparatus includes a hand-held, electronic thermometer 12 and a mount 14 for mounting the thermometer on a wall or other structure (the reference numerals indicating their subjects generally).

Referring now also to FIGS. 3 and 4, the electronic thermometer 12 comprises a housing, indicated generally at 16, that is sized and shaped to be held comfortably in the hand. The housing is connected to a probe, generally indicated at 18 (FIG. 5), by a helical cord 20. The probe 18 is constructed for contacting the object (e.g., a patient) and sending signals representative of the temperature to a microcontroller 22 (FIG. 4) which is stored in the housing 16. The microcontroller 22 receives the signals from the probe 18 and uses them to calculate the temperature. The thermometer 12 may include other device and/or circuitry for performing these calculations, and these devices and/or circuitry along with the microcontroller 22 broadly constitute a calculating device of the thermometer. Logic in the microcontroller 22 may include a predictive algorithm for rapidly ascertaining the final temperature of the patient. The microcontroller 22 makes the calculated temperature appear on an LCD screen 24 (FIGS. 1-3) on a front side of the housing 16. Other information desirably can appear on the screen 24, as will be appreciated by those of ordinary skill in the art. A control panel 26 defined by a pair of buttons 28A, 28B for operating the thermometer 12 is located directly above the screen 24.

Referring to FIGS. 5-7, the housing 16 includes a probe well 30 generally at a back side of the housing 16 that can receive a shaft 34 (FIGS. 5 and 7) of the probe 18 into the housing for holding the probe and isolating the shaft from the environment when not in use. The housing 16 also has a receptacle 36 (FIG. 6) that receives a carton C of probe covers or another suitable container. In use, a top of the carton C is removed, exposing open ends of disposable probe covers (not shown). The shaft 34 of the probe 18 can be inserted into the open end of one of the probe covers and the probe cover can be captured (e.g., snapped into) an annular recess 38 (FIGS. 5 and 7) of the probe. The probe cover protects the probe shaft 34 from contamination when the shaft is inserted, for example, into a patient's mouth. Pushers 40 (FIGS. 5 and 7) located at the junction of a handle 42 of the probe 18 with a probe shaft 34 release the probe cover from the probe shaft when a button 44 on the probe handle 42 is depressed. Other ways of capturing and releasing probe covers may be used without departing from the scope of the present invention.

Referring to FIGS. 5 and 7-9, an aluminum tip 46 at a distal end of the probe shaft 34 is heated by the patient and the temperature of the tip is detected, as will be described more fully hereinafter. The probe cover is preferably made of highly thermally conductive material, at least at the portion covering the tip 46, so that the tip can be rapidly heated by the patient. Referring now to FIGS. 8 and 9, the tip 46 and distal end of the probe shaft 34 are partially broken away to reveal components used to measure the temperature of the tip. A generally tubular separator, generally indicated at 48, is mounted on the distal end of the probe shaft 34 and extends generally into an open bottom of the tip 46, but does not engage the tip. An isolator, indicated generally at 50, is mounted on the end of the separator 48 and engages the tip 46 for use in mounting the tip on the probe shaft 34. The probe shaft, the tip 46, the separator 48 and the isolator 50 may be connected together in a suitable fashion. A flex circuit, generally indicated at 52, includes a deformable substrate 54 mounting a tip thermistor 56 (broadly, a temperature sensing component; FIG. 9), a separator thermistor 58 (FIG. 9) and a heating resistor (not shown). The tip thermistor 56 is in thermal contact with the tip 46, and the separator thermistor 58 and heating resistor are in thermal contact with the separator 48. It will be appreciated that other electrical components (not shown) and other arrangements and numbers of components may be used without departing from the scope of the present invention.

The tip thermistor 56 generates a signal that is representative of the temperature of the tip 46. The signal is transmitted by one or more electrical conductors in the flex circuit substrate 54 to the circuitry in the housing 16. The separator thermistor 58 generates a signal that is representative of the temperature of the separator 48. The resistor heats the separator 48 so that the aluminum tip 46 can reach the temperature of the patient more rapidly. Monitoring the temperature of the separator 48 with the separator thermistor 58 allows the heating of the resistor to be controlled to best effect. For instance, the separator 48 can be initially rapidly heated, but then heated intermittently as the separator nears or reaches a pre-selected temperature. The function and operation of these components are known to those of ordinary skill in the art.

Referring to FIGS. 4 and 8-10, the thermometer 12 includes an automatic activating system for automatically configuring the thermometer between an active state (broadly, the thermometer is turned on) and a non-active state (broadly, the thermometer is turned off). As used herein, the term “active state” means that the thermometer 12 is operating so that it can take a temperature of a subject. Activation of the active state may include automatic powering up of the thermometer 12, including heating of the tip 46 of the probe 18 using the resistor, as is known in the art. The term “non-active state” means that the thermometer 12 cannot take a temperature of a subject, although other functions, such as data retrieval, may be performed. In general, the automatic activating system will automatically configure the thermometer 12 in a non-active state when the probe shaft 34 is received in the probe well 30 and will automatically configure the thermometer in an active state when the probe shaft is removed from the probe well. In this way, a power supply (e.g., batteries) is conserved because the user does not have to manually switch the thermometer 12 between the active sate and non-active state.

In general the activating system includes a solid-state activating sensor 62 (FIGS. 4, 10 and 11) in the housing 16 of the thermometer 12 and a magnet 64 (broadly, a magnetic source; FIGS. 8 and 9) in the probe 18 for activating the sensor when the probe is received in the probe well 30. As used herein, the term “solid-state” means that the sensor 62 does not have any moving parts. The activating magnet 64 may be, for example, either a permanent magnet, or a temporary magnet that can be temporarily magnetized, or an electromagnet. The activating sensor 62 is electrically connected to (broadly, “in communication with”) the microcontroller 22. In the illustrated embodiment, the microcontroller 22 and the sensor 62 are mounted on the same printed circuit board 66. When the sensor 62 detects the magnetic field of the magnet (i.e., when the probe 18 is received in the probe well 30), the sensor sends a non-active output signal to the microcontroller 22. The microcontroller, in response, places the thermometer 12 in the non-active state. When the sensor 62 is no longer detecting the magnetic field of the activating magnet 64 (i.e., when the probe 18 is removed from the probe well 30), the sensor either discontinues the non-active output signal or sends a different, active signal to the microcontroller 22, and the microcontroller places the thermometer in the active state. Other arrangements of signaling are within the scope of the invention.

Referring to FIGS. 4, 9 and 10, the activating magnet 64 is mounted directly on the flex circuit 52 in the shaft of the probe 18 (FIGS. 9 and 10), and the sensor 62 is mounted on a back side of the circuit board 66 (FIGS. 4, and 10). The locations of the activating sensor 62 and the magnet 64 are such that when the probe 18 is substantially completely received in the probe well 30 (FIG. 10), the magnetic field from the magnet 64 is generally perpendicular to the sensor 62 so that the magnetic field activates the sensor. It is understood that the locations of the activating magnet 64 and the activating sensor 62 may be other than described, although it is preferred that the locations allow for the sensor to be activated only when the probe is substantially completely received in the probe well. It is understood that the magnetic source may be other than the activating magnet 64. For example, the probe shaft or another component(s) of the probe (e.g., the tip or the separator) may itself be magnetic, emitting a magnetic field for activating the sensor 62. Other arrangements for providing a magnetic component of the probe and other arrangement for providing a magnetic source to activate the sensor 62 are within the scope of the invention.

In one example, the activating sensor 62 comprises a Hall-effect sensor. As is known in the art, a Hall-effect sensor generally senses or detects a magnetic field having a (first) magnetic flux density or magnitude that is greater than or equal to a pre-selected operate point (i.e., the flux density necessary to activate the sensor). Thus, the activating sensor 62 has a pre-selected operate point at or below the flux density of the magnetic field of the magnet 64 at the sensor when the probe 18 is received in the probe well 30. Once the sensor 62 has been activated, it will stay active until it detects a magnetic field have a (second) flux density that is at or below a pre-selected release point of the sensor (i.e., the flux density necessary to deactivate the sensor). It will be appreciated that the second magnetic flux density could be zero or non-zero.

As will be appreciated by those of ordinary skill in the art, the Hall-effect sensor 62 may be a unipolar sensor, in that it senses only one of a north pole or a south pole of a magnet, or it may be an omnipolar sensor, in that it senses both a north pole and a south pole of a magnet. The sensor 62 may have a digital output or an analog output. In a preferred embodiment, the Hall-effect sensor is a low-power, omnipolar Hall-effect sensor having a digital output. Suitable Hall-effect sensors of this type include sensors sold by Allegro® Microsystems, Inc. as model numbers A3210, A3211, A3212, A3213 and A3214. Other Hall-effect sensors may be used within the scope of the invention. These sensors typically use less than about 20 μA of current. Moreover, alternatively the solid-state sensor 62 may be a magnetoresitive sensor, the structure and function of which is known to those of ordinary skill in the art. Other types of solid-state sensors are within the scope of the invention.

Referring to FIG. 11, a schematic of a suitable, non-limiting example of the circuitry of the automatic activating system is generally indicated at 68. The circuitry includes a Hall-effect sensor 62 (the activating sensor), sold by Allegro® Microsystems, Inc. under model number A3214ELHLT-T, interfaced with the microcontroller 22. The sensor 62 has an input voltage of 3 volts and uses less than about 5 μA of current. The circuitry also includes a pull-up resistor 70 having a resistance of 1.0 MΩ and a capacitor 72 between supply S and ground G having a capacitance of 0.1 μF for reducing noise. An inverter 74 (broadly, a logic gate) and a diode 76 (broadly, a leakage preventing device), the functions of which are explained below, are also a part of the circuit 68. The sensor 62 has an operate point of about 42 Gauss and a release point of about 32 Gauss. The magnet 64 mounted on the flex circuit 52 has a magnetic field having a magnetic flux density of between about 3800 Gauss and about 4200 Gauss, preferably about 3895 Gauss, sufficient to activate the sensor 62 when the probe 18 is received in the probe well 30. The specific values set forth herein may be other than stated without departing from the scope of the present invention.

When the probe 18 is received in the probe well 30, a first magnetic flux density is detected and the sensor 62 switches on and the output of the sensor switches low to about 100 mV. The inverter 74 (a NOT logic gate) receives the output signal from the sensor 62 and inverts the signal to 5 V (binary 1 state), which is sent to the microcontroller 22, signaling to the microcontroller to switch the thermometer 12 to the non-active state. When the probe 18 is removed from the probe well 30, the magnetic flux density falls below the release point (i.e., to a second magnetic flux density), and the sensor 62 switches off and the output switches high to 3 V. The inverter 74 receives the signal and inverts it to a low voltage of between about 100 mV and 300 mV, typically 200 mV (binary state 0) signaling to the microcontroller 22 to switch the thermometer 12 to the active state.

The diode 76 prevents current from flowing from the inverter 74 to the microcontroller 22 when the thermometer 12 is in the non-active state. Accordingly, the diode 76 reduces overall power consumption of the circuit 68. In the illustrated embodiment, the current leakage that is blocked by the diode 76 is about 25 μA. It is believed that the diode 76 may save approximately 18 mAh of battery capacity per month It is understood that the circuitry of the activating system may be other than described without departing from the scope of the invention.

Referring to FIGS. 11A and 11B, in another embodiment the activating system is similar to the activating system described above, and therefore corresponding components are indicated by corresponding reference numerals. The present embodiment is different from the above-described embodiment in that the present activating system includes an activating sensor 62A comprising a Hall-effect sensor of the type that has a magnet (not shown) or other magnetic source associated with it. The magnet has a magnetic field with a flux density at the sensor greater than or equal to an operate point of the sensor so that the sensor is biased in an active state. A ferromagnetic or highly magnetically permeable ring_64A (broadly, a magnetically permeable structure) is disposed inside the probe shaft 34. The ring 64A is concentric with the probe shaft 34 and the flex circuit 52 extends through the central opening of the ring. When the probe 18 is seated in the probe well 30, the presence of the ferromagnetic ring 64A decreases the flux density of the magnetic source at the sensor 62A to less than or equal to the release point of the sensor, whereby the sensor is switched to its inactive state. The magnetically permeable structure may be other than a ring and may be associated with the probe in other ways. For example, it is contemplated that the structure may be disposed on the outer surface of the probe 18. Moreover, it is contemplated that the shaft 34 itself may be at least partially constructed of a ferromagnetic material. An activating circuit including the Hall-effect sensor 62A and the microcontroller 22 are configured so that when the Hall-effect sensor is active (i.e., the probe is not seated in the probe well), the thermometer 12 is in its active state and when the Hall-effect sensor is inactive (i.e., the probe is seated in the probe well), the thermometer is in its non-active state.

Referring now to FIGS. 12 and 13, the mount 14 of the thermometry assembly 12 includes a rear wall 78 and a holder, generally indicated at 80, projecting forward from the rear wall and defining a cavity 80 for slidably receiving the housing 16 of the thermometer 12 to hold the thermometer in the mount. The mount 14 may be secured to a wall or other structure by inserting fasteners, e.g., screws, (not shown) through spaced apart openings 84 in the rear wall 78 of the mount 14 and into the wall or other support structure. The holder 80 includes elongate vertical tongues 86 projecting into the cavity 82. The thermometer 12 slides between the tongues 86 when it is being received in the holder 80 so that the thermometer fits snugly therein. A front of the holder has a large opening 90 formed therein having a size and shape corresponding generally to the size and shape of the LCD screen 24 of the thermometer 12. The opening 90 allows the user to have access to the LCD screen 24 when the thermometer 12 is received in the mount 14.

The thermometry assembly 20 includes an anti-theft system for deterring theft of the thermometer 12. The microcontroller 22 includes an anti-theft counter that counts the number of uses of the thermometer 12 (broadly, a use-parameter) during a period beginning from the time the thermometer was last on the mount 14. That is, the counter records the number of uses from the time the thermometer 12 is removed from the mount 14 until the thermometer is returned to the mount. It is contemplated that the counter may record other use-parameters, including, but not limited to, real time elapsed. The microcontroller 22 is programmed to disable further operation of the thermometer 12 when a threshold number has been reached or exceeded by the counter. The counter is reset when the thermometer 12 is returned to the mount 14. Thus, as an example, if the threshold number is thirty, then the user is allowed to use (i.e., take a temperature) thirty times without having to return the thermometer 12 to the mount 15 before the microcontroller 22 will disable the operation of the thermometer. After being disabled the user must return the thermometer 12 to the mount 14 to use it again. If the user returns the thermometer 12 to the mount 14 before the counter reaches 15, then the counter is reset and the thermometer is not disabled.

Referring to FIGS. 4, 10, 14 and 15, to determine when the thermometer 12 has been returned to the mount 14 and to reset the counter, the thermometer includes a solid-state anti-theft sensor 92 (FIGS. 4 and 10), and the mount includes a permanent magnet 94 (broadly an anti-theft magnetic source; FIGS. 14 and 15) emitting a magnetic field with a flux density sufficient to activate the sensor when the thermometer is received in the mount. The anti-theft sensor 92 may be of any of the types of sensors described above with respect to the activating sensor 62, or may be another type of solid-state sensor. Like the activating sensor 62, the ant-theft sensor 92 is preferably a low-power, omnipolar Hall-effect sensor, such as those sensors sold by Allegro® Microsystems, Inc. under the model numbers A3210, A3211, A3212, A3213 and A3214. Thus, the anti-theft sensor 92 may have a digital output when it is activated by the anti-theft magnet 94 and no output when it is not activated. The digital output is sent to the microcontroller 22, and the microcontroller resets the counter. Other configurations of the sensor 92 and the microcontroller 22, including other or additional circuitry are within the scope of the invention.

The anti-theft sensor 92 is mounted on the circuit board (FIGS. 4 and 10) so that it is in communication with the microcontroller 22. The magnet 94 is secured within a floor 96 (broadly, a structure) of the mount 14, such as by securing the magnet within a cavity 98 defined by the floor or injection molding the mount around the magnet. An operate point of the anti-theft sensor 92 (i.e., the magnetic flux density necessary to activate the sensor) and the magnetic flux density of the anti-theft magnet 94 are chosen so that when the thermometer 12 is substantially fully received in the mount 14, the magnet activates the sensor. It is understood that the locations of the anti-theft magnet 94 and the anti-theft sensor 92 may be other than described, although it is preferred that the locations allow for the sensor to be activated only when the thermometer 12 is substantially completely received in the mount 14.

Referring back to FIG. 11, a schematic of a non-limiting example of circuitry of the anti-theft system is generally indicated at 100. The circuitry 100 of the anti-theft system is substantially similar to the circuitry 68 of the activating system. The circuitry includes a Hall-effect sensor 92 (the anti-theft sensor), sold by Allegro® Microsystems, Inc. under the name A3214ELHLT-T. The sensor 92 is interfaced with the microcontroller 22. The sensor 92 has an input voltage of 3 volts and uses less than about 5 μA of current. The circuitry 100 also includes a pull-up resistor 102 having a resistance of 1.0 MΩ and a capacitor 104 between supply S and ground G having a capacitance of 0.1 μF for reducing noise. An inverter 106 (broadly, a logic gate) and a diode 108 (broadly, a leakage preventing device), the functions of which are explained below, are also a part of the circuit 100. The sensor 92 has an operate point of about 42 Gauss and a release point of about 32 Gauss. The anti-theft magnet 94 mounted in the floor 96 of the mount 14 emits a magnetic field having a magnetic flux density of about 2200 Gauss, sufficient to activate the sensor 92 when the thermometer 12 is received in the mount.

When the thermometer 12 is received in the mount 14, the sensor 92 switches on and the output of the sensor switches low to about 100 mV. The inverter 106 receives the output signal from the sensor 92 and inverts the signal to 5 V (binary 1 state), which is sent to the microcontroller 22, signaling to the microcontroller to reset the counter. When the thermometer 12 is removed from the mount 14, the magnetic flux density falls below the release point of the sensor 92, and the sensor switches off and the output switches high to 3 V. The inverter 106 receives the output signal and inverts it to a low voltage of between about 100 mV and 300 mV, typically 200 mV (binary state 0) signaling to the microcontroller 22 to reset the counter. The diode 108, like the diode 76 of the activating circuitry 68, prevents current from flowing from the inverter 106 to the microcontroller 22 when the thermometer 12 is removed from the mount 14. Accordingly, the diode 108 reduces overall power consumption of the circuit 100. In the illustrated embodiment, the current leakage that is blocked by the diode 108 is about 25 μA. Thus, it is believed that together the two diodes 108, 76 save approximately 432 mAh of battery capacity per year. It is understood that the circuitry 100 of the anti-theft system may be other than described without departing from the scope of the invention.

Referring to FIG. 10, as will be understood by those skilled in the art, the respective locations of the activating sensor 62, the anti-theft sensor 92, the activating magnet 64 and the anti-theft magnet 94 are such that the activating magnet does not activate the anti-theft sensor when the probe is seated in the probe well 30 and the anti-theft magnet does not activate the activating sensor when the thermometer 12 is received in the mount 14. The respective locations may be a function of the flux densities of the magnets 64, 94 and the locations of the sensors relative to the corresponding magnet. As an example, in the illustrated embodiment, a ratio of the distance between the activating magnet 64 and the anti-theft sensor 92 and the distance between the activating magnet and the activating sensor 62 must be greater than about 1.77. In other words, the distance between the activating magnet 64 and the anti-theft sensor 92 must be at least 1.77 times greater than the distance between the activating magnet and the activating sensor 62 so that the activating magnet, having a flux density of 3895 Gauss, will activate the activating sensor when the probe 18 is seated in the probe well 30 but will not activate the anti-theft sensor. Likewise, a ratio of the distance between the anti-theft magnet 94, having a flux density of 2200 Gauss, and the activating sensor 62 and the distance between the anti-theft magnet and anti-theft sensor 92 must be greater than about 1.77 to prevent the anti-theft magnet from activating the activating sensor 62. Other ways of preventing interference between the magnets 64, 94 and the sensors 62, 92 are within the scope of the invention. For example, the sensors 62, 92 may have different operate points, and the magnets 64, 94 may have different flux densities.

In another embodiment (not shown), the Hall-effect sensor of the anti-theft system may be of the type that has a magnet or other magnetic source associated with it. The magnet has a magnetic field with a flux density at the sensor greater than or equal to an operate point of the sensor so that the sensor is biased in an active state. In such an embodiment, a ferromagnetic or highly magnetically permeable structure may be associated with the mount whereby when the thermometer is received in the mount, the presence of the ferromagnetic structure decreases the flux density of the magnetic source at the sensor to less than or equal to the release point of the sensor, whereby the sensor is switched to its inactive state. As an example, the bottom of the holder of the mount may be constructed of a ferromagnetic material. An anti-theft circuit, including the Hall-effect sensor, and the microcontroller are configured so that when the Hall-effect sensor is active (i.e., the thermometer is not received in the mount) the anti-theft counter is not reset and when the Hall-effect sensor is inactive (i.e., the thermometer is received in the mount), the anti-theft counter is reset.

Referring to FIGS. 10 and 13-15, in addition to the ant-theft system, the mount 14 includes a keyed latch mechanism, generally indicated at 110 (FIGS. 14 and 15), for locking the thermometer 12 in the mount to deter theft. The keyed latch mechanism 110 includes a keyed bolt 112. The bolt is located below the holder 80 in the rear wall 78 of the mount 14 so that an opening of a keyslot 114 of the bolt is forward of or substantially flush with a front face of the rear wall. The bolt 112 extends through the rear wall 78 and includes a rotatable cam 116 that is located on a rear side of the rear wall. The cam 116 is rotatable between a substantially vertical position (locking position), as shown in FIG. 15, and a substantially horizontal position (unlocking position), generally as shown in FIG. 14. A cantilever latch 118 engageable by the cam 116 when the cam is in its vertical position is hingedly attached (i.e., by a living hinge) to the rear wall 78. The latch 118 is movable between an initial, unlocked position, in which the cam 116 is not contacting the latch (FIG. 14), and a forward, locked position, in which the cam contacts the latch and moves the latch forward (FIG. 15). It is contemplated that a keyed tumbler (e.g., a 5 pin radial tumbler) or other suitable lock may be used in place of the bolt 112.

In use, when the thermometer 12 is received in the mount 14, the user inserts a key (not shown) into the bolt 112, and turns the key to the right, thereby rotating the cam 116 into its vertical position. As the cam 116 rotates, it engages the latch 118 and deflects the latch from it initial position forward to its locked position. When the latch 118 is in its locked position, an engagement member 120 of the latch is received in a recess 122 formed in the back side of the housing 16 (FIG. 15). The cam 116 retains the engagement member 120 of the latch 118 in the recess 122 until the keyed bolt 112 is turned to the left and the cam disengages the latch. Other ways of locking the thermometer 12 in the mount 14 is within the scope of the invention.

When introducing elements of the present invention or the preferred embodiments thereof, the articles “a”, “an”, “the” and “said” are intended to mean that there are one or more of the elements. The terms “comprising”, “including” and “having” are intended to be inclusive and mean that there may be additional elements other than the listed elements.

In view of the above, it will be seen that the several objects of the invention are achieved and other advantageous results attained.

As various changes could be made in the above constructions, products, and methods without departing from the scope of the invention, it is intended that all matter contained in the above description and shown in the accompanying drawings shall be interpreted as illustrative and not in a limiting sense. 

1. A hand-held thermometer comprising: a probe having at least one temperature-sensing component; a housing having a probe well for removably receiving the probe; a solid-state sensor associated with the housing and having no moving parts, the solid-state sensor and the probe being adapted and configured so that the solid-state sensor detects a first magnetic flux density indicative of the probe being seated in the probe well, the thermometer being configured to be in a non-active state when the sensor detects the first magnetic flux density and being configured to be in an active state when the sensor detects a second magnetic flux density different from the first magnetic flux density and indicative of the probe being removed from the well.
 2. A thermometer as set forth in claim 1 wherein the sensor comprises a Hall-effect sensor.
 3. A thermometer as set forth in claim 2 further comprising a ferromagnetic structure associated with the probe, wherein the Hall-effect sensor is of the type having a magnetic source associated with it having a magnetic flux density greater than or equal to the second magnetic flux density so that the thermometer is biased in an active state, wherein when the probe is seated in the probe well the ferromagnetic structure decreases the flux density of the magnetic field to less than or equal to the first magnetic flux density, whereby the thermometer is configured in the non-active state.
 4. A thermometer as set forth in claim 2 further comprising a magnetic source associated with the probe, the magnetic source emitting a magnetic field.
 5. A thermometer as set forth in claim 4 wherein the magnetic source comprises a magnet mounted on the probe.
 6. A thermometer as set forth in claim 4 further comprising a microcontroller and an activating circuit including the solid-state sensor, the activating circuit being in communication with the microcontroller so that the circuit sends a non-active signal to the microcontroller when the sensor detects the presence of the magnetic field and sends an active signal to the microcontroller when the sensor detects the absence of the magnetic field.
 7. A thermometer as set forth in claim 6 wherein the activating circuit further comprises a leakage preventing device for preventing current from flowing between the solid-state sensor and the microcontroller when the thermometer is in the non-active state.
 8. A thermometer as set forth in claim 7 wherein the leakage preventing device comprises a diode.
 9. A thermometer as set forth in claim 6 wherein the activating circuit further comprises a logic gate for receiving an input signal from the sensor and for sending either the non-active signal or the active signal to the microcontroller.
 10. A thermometer as set forth in claim 9 wherein the sensor is configured to send a high voltage output to the logic gate when the sensor is not activated and a low voltage output to the logic gate when the sensor is activated, and wherein the logic gate comprises an inverter, the inverter being configured to invert the input signal from the sensor so that the high voltage input from the sensor is changed to a low voltage output constituting the active signal and the low voltage input from the sensor is changed to a high voltage output constituting the non-active signal.
 11. A thermometer as set forth in claim 10 wherein the activating circuit further comprises a leakage preventing device for preventing current from flowing from the inverter to the microcontroller when the thermometer is in the non-active state.
 12. A thermometer as set forth in claim 11 wherein the leakage preventing device comprises a diode.
 13. A thermometer as set forth in claim 12 wherein the diode is electrically disposed between the inverter and the microcontroller.
 14. A thermometer as set forth in claim 6 further comprising a circuit board in the housing of the base unit, the microcontroller and the activating circuit being integrated on the circuit board.
 15. A thermometer as set forth in claim 14 wherein the magnetic source comprises a permanent magnet attached to the probe.
 16. A thermometer as set forth in claim 15 wherein the magnetic source is configured and arranged on the probe, and the sensor is configured and arranged on the base unit so that the sensor will not detect the presence of the permanent magnet unless the probe is substantially fully received in the probe well.
 17. A thermometer as set forth in claim 16 wherein the magnetic field of the magnetic source has a flux density of between about 3800 to 4200 Gauss.
 18. A thermometer as set forth in claim 17 further comprising flex circuit inside the probe electrically connecting the temperature-sensing component to the microcontroller, the magnetic source being mounted on the flex circuit.
 19. A thermometer as set forth in claim 16 wherein the probe comprises a handle and an elongate shaft, the magnetic source being disposed in the shaft.
 20. A thermometer as set forth in claim 1, wherein the solid-state sensor uses less than about 20 μA of current.
 21. A thermometer as set forth in claim 20, wherein the solid-state sensor uses less or equal to about 5 μA of current.
 22. A method of making an electronic thermometer comprising: assembling a temperature sensing component into a probe; mounting on a circuit board a microcontroller configured for placing the thermometer in an active state to acquire temperature information from the temperature sensing component and for placing the thermometer in an inactive state; mounting on the circuit board a solid-state sensor having no moving parts so that the solid-state sensor and the microcontroller are in electrical communication with each other, the solid-state sensor being capable of detecting a first magnetic flux density indicative of the probe being seated in a probe well and being capable of detecting a second magnetic flux density different from the first magnetic flux density and indicative of the probe being removed from the well assembling the circuit board with the microcontroller and solid-state sensor thereon into a housing of the thermometer; operatively interconnecting the microcontroller and the temperature sensing component for communication of temperature information from the temperature sensing component to the microcontroller.
 23. A method of making an electronic thermometer as set forth in claim 22 further comprising mounting a leakage preventing device on the circuit board for preventing current from flowing between the solid-state sensor and the microcontroller when the thermometer is in the non-active state.
 24. A method of making an electronic thermometer as set forth in claim 23 wherein the leakage preventing device comprises a diode.
 25. A method of making an electronic thermometer as set forth in claim 24 further comprising mounting a logic gate on the circuit board for receiving an input signal from the sensor and sending either the non-active signal or the active signal to the microcontroller.
 26. A method of making an electronic thermometer as set forth in claim 25 wherein the logic gate comprises an inverter.
 27. A method of making an electronic thermometer as set forth in claim 26 wherein mounting a leakage preventing device comprises electrically interposing the diode between the inverter and the microcontroller.
 28. A method of making an electronic thermometer as set forth in claim 22 further comprising mounting the temperature sensing component on a substrate and mounting a magnetic source on the substrate.
 29. A method of making an electronic thermometer as set forth in claim 28 wherein assembling the temperature sensing component and magnetic source into a probe comprises placing the substrate in the probe.
 30. A method of making an electronic thermometer as set forth in claim 29 wherein assembling the temperature sensing component and magnetic source into a probe further comprises deforming the substrate from a first configuration into a second configuration and placing the substrate in the second configuration inside the probe.
 31. A method of making an electronic thermometer as set forth in claim 30 wherein deforming the substrate comprises bending the substrate from the first generally flat position in which the temperature sensing component and the magnetic source were mounted on the substrate into a second position in which the substrate is not flat.
 32. A method of making an electronic thermometer as set forth in claim 22 wherein operatively interconnecting the microcontroller and the temperature sensing component comprises electrically connecting the substrate to the circuit board.
 33. A method of making an electronic thermometer as set forth in claim 32 wherein electrically connecting the substrate to the circuit board comprises making a hardwired connection between the substrate and the circuit board. 